Inflation

what is inflation - BEGINNER'S GUIDE PROPERTY INVESTING
Each year and every year the Federal Reserve system increases the money supply. As more money chases after a slowly increasing supply of properties, property prices go up - even without an overall favorable change in the underlying forces of supply and demand (market appreci-ation). The Federal Reserve specifically designs its monetary policies to create a modest (1.5 to 3.0 percent) annual gain in the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Sometimes, though, the Fed loses control of inflationary price increases (late 1940s, the entire 1970s, early to mid 1980s). During those superheated, inflationary times, real estate prices will often experience inflationary gains of 6 to 12 percent a year. Buy now and then cheer for inflation.

1960s all the way up to 13 percent in 1982. And for the record, you might note that during those 16 years of increasing inflation and skyrocketing interest rates (from 1970's 6.0 percent to 1981's 16 percent), most property values nearly tripled.

Although higher inflation drives up interest rates, inflation also drives up rent levels and construction costs. Even better for investors who own real estate, when inflation heats up, the smart money flees financial assets (stocks and bonds) in favor of hard assets (real estate, gold, collectibles). As a result, property prices are pushed even higher as stock and bond prices stagnate or decline.

For example, in 1964, the stock market's Dow Jones Industrial Average peaked at close to 1,000. In 1981, it sat at less than 800-20 percent below its high mark of 17 years earlier. During this same 17-year period of higher interest rates and inflation, the nationwide median house price zoomed from $25,000 to nearly $75,000.

History proves that over lengthy periods, higher interest rates do not hurt property values. Quite the contrary, higher interest rates (which merely reflect high inflation) propel property prices to new record heights.

Read More

Appreciation in Market Values

Over periods of 5 to 10 years, nearly all types of properties gain in value because population, jobs, incomes, and wealth (buying power) grow faster than the amount of new construction. Over the long term, more people with more money consistently push real estate prices up.

"Okay" you retort, "but that was then and this is now. Surely prices can't continue to increase as they have in the past?" I answer, "They can and they will." To see the future, just weigh together these dominant trends:

1. Population growth. During the next 20 years, the population of the United States will increase by 40 million people.

2. Incomes. During the next 20 years, employees, entrepreneurs, professionals, and business owners will see their incomes rise by over 50 percent.

3. Vacation homes. During the next 20 years, at least 10 million more Americans (and foreign nationals) will choose to buy vacation homes within the United States.

4. Echo boomers. During the next 20 years, more than 60 million echo boomers (children and grandchildren of the baby boomers) will enter the housing market to buy homes.

5. Restrictions on development. During the next 20 years, zoning, environmental laws, building regulations, and land shortages will continue to restrict development in those areas where most people want to live.

6. Construction costs. During the next 20 years, the costs to construct houses (and other types of buildings) will follow their past trend line upward.

7. Immigrants and minorities. Currently only 40 percent of our fastest growing immigrant and minority groups (Hispanics, blacks, Asians) own their own homes. In contrast, more than 75 percent of whites live in homes they own. With government programs and lender outreach efforts in full swing, during the next 20 years people in these minority and immigrant groups will continue to buy homes in record numbers. Federal, state, and local governments in cooperation with private lenders will be working hard to close the home ownership gap.

8. Investors. During the next 20 years, more than 60 million baby boomers will need a retirement income. They will increasingly turn to investment real estate to meet this need. Demand for property as an investment will continue to explode - as it has during the past 5 years.

You don't need advanced knowledge of economics and demographics to recognize the fact that every major social trend is pushing real estate prices upward.

Read More

Multiple Paths to Building Wealth

Now you're going to see why real estate investing offers you greater opportunities to build wealth than any other type of investment. With real estate, you can make money in dozens of different ways. For starters, here are 16 potential paths to profit:

Read the next articles

Appreciation in market values
Condominium conversions
Inflation
Improved management
Cash flows
More-profitable market strategy
Mortgage payoff
Tax shelter
Buy below market
Discounted notes and tax deeds
Create property value
Real estate stocks (REITs, home
Create site value builders, mortgage lenders)
Create neighborhood value

Read More

Spend Less, Save More

When Jack Holden was asked how his family got started investing in real estate, here's how he responded. We scraped, borrowed, and leveraged from every resource we had to muster the funds we needed.. . . For seed money we cashed in saving bonds and borrowed from our insurance policies.

The entire family went on an austerity plan to cut back our food, travel, and entertainment expenses. Today we're thankful we made those early sacrifices. Thankful, yes, and also wealthy. Because of their disciplined spending, saving, and investing, the Holdens (an otherwise average family) built a real estate net worth of $4.7 million that includes not only their home equity of $600,000, but also a variety of rental houses and small apartment buildings. Like most people who make big money in property, the Holdens didn't start out with cash. As Jack Holden says, his family scrimped, saved, leveraged, and borrowed every way they could.

So what's the lesson that you can learn? To build wealth in real estate, don't wait until you get the cash or credit and then decide to invest. No! First, commit yourself to investing, then figure out how to come up with the money. You can keep fiwishing and a-hop-ing to invest someday. Or you can now decide to own property and immediately begin to shape up your finances and create a plan to invest. Want some ideas to start your own austerity plan, raise cash, and strengthen your credit? Try these suggestions.

Never Say Budget
No one likes to budget. It sounds too much like work. Instead, think priorities. Think reward. The quality of your life improves as you allocate your money according to your highest values. If you truly want to own investment real estate, put your money where it can yield the smartest returns. For example . . .

Stop Paying Rent
If you don’t yet own your own home, rent is probably your biggest money waster. Can you figure out how to eliminate or reduce your rent payments? Can you switch to a lower-cost apartment? Can you house-share? Can you find a house-sitting job for the next 3 to 12 months? Can you move back with your parents or stay rent-free with relatives or friends? Bank your rent money for 6 to 12 months, and for the rest of your life you need never pay rent again.

Cut Your Food Bills in Half
Eliminate eating out. Brown-bag your lunches. Buy unbranded foods in bulk. Prepare your food in large quantities and freeze portions in meal-sized servings. Forget those $2 to $3 microwave lunches and dinners. Locate a remainder and closeout grocery like Save-a-Lot, Big Lots, or Drug Emporium. Or maybe you can shop the food warehouses that have opened in most cities. Food prices in discount stores sometimes run 20 to 50 percent less than big-name supermarkets. Collect and use as many coupons as you can find. When you find bargain-priced items you regularly use, buy them by the case.

Cut Your Credit Cards in Half
Credit card spending is just too easy. Put yourself on a strict diet of cash. Nothing holds back spending more than having to count out real cash. Besides, credit card bills will zap strength from your borrowing power. Even worse, by the time you've finished paying off your credit card balances at 18 percent interest, you will pay back $2 for every dollar you originally charged - and that's in after-tax, take-home dollars. Once you consider that you only take home 60 to 80 percent of what you earn, you'll see that you may have to earn $3 to pay back each dollar you charge to your credit cards.

Don’t Put the Car Before the Investment Property
If you own a car that'’s worth nearly as much as a down payment on an investment property, sell that car. Get rid of those big cash-draining car payments. If your car is mostly paid for, there’s a good part of the money you need to move up to investment property. If you'’re thinking about buying a more expensive car, stop! Until you can afford to pay cash for a new car, drive the least expensive, dependable pre-owned car you can find. For too many Americans, their car is the enemy of their investment program.

Buy Your Clothes in Thrift Shops
In her newspaper column, Dress for Less, Candy Barrie writes, I'm a big fan of these (consignment and thrift) shops for the fashion bargains you can find there.. . . Get on down and you'll discover we're not just talking about 20, 30, or 40 percent discounts. Sometimes you can get your clothes for 90 to 95 percent off retail.

You can save thousands on clothing expenses. Just follow Candy's advice: Check all the recycled, discount, and closeout clothing stores in your area (or a nearby big city). Whatever your tastes and price range, you'll find that you can slash your total clothing costs by 50 percent or more. I regularly shop at a small, local store where the owner provides excellent service and advice along with well-known name brands such as L.L. Bean, Eddie Bauer, and Lands' End, at prices 40 to 70 percent off retail.

Read More

The Deductions of an Investor

As an investor, there are three categories of expenses which you have the luxury of deducting from your tax:

1. Acquisition and Maintenance Costs
You can offset expenses relating to your investment property against rental income; whether it was negatively geared or not. Some expenses which can be claimed are:

  • Advertising costs to fnd tenants
  • Bank fees and charges on your loan accounts
  • Borrowing expenses
  • Body corporate fees
  • Cleaning costs 
  • Council rates
  • Electricity and gas not paid by the tenant
  • Insurance – building, landlord, etc.
  • Interest on your investment loans
  • Land tax
  • Legal expenses
  • Property manager fees and commissions
  • Surveyors’ fees
  • Repairs and maintenance
  • Stationery and postage expenses
  • Investment related telephone bills
  • Tax-related expenses
  • Travel and car expenses for rent collection or inspections
  • Costs incurred for the inspection or maintenance of your property
  • Water charges.

2. Depreciation Allowances
All landlords who own an investment property are eligible to claim depreciation on newly purchased items.
You can deduct depreciation on fxtures and fttings in the property, such as:


  • Appliances
  • Blinds
  • Carpets
  • Furniture
  • Hot water system.


3. Negative Gearing
Negative gearing occurs when the annual cost of your investment is greater than the return which you are receiving. In simple terms, when the ongoing costs such as maintenance and loan repayments are greater than rental income, then the property is negatively geared. If you are negatively geared, the government allows the loss on your property to be deducted from your gross income, creating a reduction in your tax liability.

Top Tip: Do not be fooled. Although you will pay less tax, this is still a loss – only slightly smaller, which in time will hopefully be made up for due to the property’s capital growth. The ideal outcome is to have a positive cash fow or a low level of negative gearing.

Read More

Tax for Property Investors

Property investment allows buyers to have the luxury of certain tax benefts; however as an investor you will also incur additional taxes. The following provides a breakdown of taxes related to property investment.


Tax Incurred by an Investor
There are several taxes that you will incur when acquiring and owning an investment property:


You will be required to pay tax on income (rent and any other money) which you receive from your property. This may be offset however, by interest repayments on your loan as well as other deductions (refer to page 10 for more information).

Capital Gains Tax (CGT)
Capital gains tax is required to be paid on any proft made from your investment property once sold. 
The applicable rate of CGT is the same as the income tax rate which you pay, however if you have owned the property for more than 12 months, you gain a 50 percent discount on the capital gain.

Sometimes referred to as council rates, this local tax typically funds local government investment and expenditure, such as rubbish collection, parks and public facility maintenance and other community services. The frequency and amount of tax will depend on the local municipality and the market value of your property.

Land tax is imposed by all state and territory governments, excluding the Northern Territory. It is payable based on the combined unimproved value of the land you own and is calculated on what your land would be worth if it was vacant; therefore it does not include existing dwellings on the property. Land tax is payable on all property you own, except your principal place of residence. The amount of this annual payment will vary by locality. Contact your relevant state authority for more information.



Read More

What Makes a Good Investment Property?

A well chosen property is likely to deliver greater return in the future; not only in the form of capital growth but also in the form of rental returns. In order to maximise investment return, here are some key considerations to make: 

The Right Stage of the Property Cycle
The property market moves in cycles. Property values may rise due to strong market growth, remain steady or even decline during certain phases of the cycle. Thus, as an investor it is important to know where the market is within the cycle to ensure you secure your property at the right price.
For more information on the property cycle, refer to ‘Understanding the Property Cycle When Buying’

The Right Location
Location is integral to acquiring a good investment property. If the location is chosen correctly, the chance of gaining higher returns from your investment is far greater than if the location is not desirable and suitable for those looking to live close to amenities. Factors to consider are:

Close proximity to certain amenities increases the desirability and value of a location and property; these include:

  • Schools
  • Public transportation 
  • Public facilities (post offce, libraries, parks, medical centres, etc.)
  • Shops and markets
  • Lifestyle activities (restaurants, café strips, beach, etc.)

Therefore, it is important to consider proximity to these when buying your investment property.


  • When selecting an area to purchase a property in, try to avoid those that are likely to be dependent on a sole industry i.e. manufacturing. Although it can be benefcial when the industry is doing well, if it falls, your property’s value may decline as a result.
  • Some of the best places to buy are those experiencing population growth. As population grows, infrastructure improves and the desirability of an area increases.
  • Living within close proximity to a major city (i.e. 10 kilometres) is always highly sought after. Whilst many of these suburbs attract higher prices, look for emerging suburbs which may have strong growth potential.

The Right Property
When searching for an investment property, you should aim to secure one which will be in continuous demand by tenants, as well as future home buyers. One factor you should consider is appropriateness of the property for the average age of residents in the area.
It is therefore important to do some research to discover the demographics of your area of choice and determine what is important to this demographic. For example, if you are buying in an area with an older community, do not purchase a property with a staircase or an inconvenient layout.


Read More

Cost of Investing

An investment property has many benefts and if chosen carefully can provide solid fnancial returns. However, it can also be an expensive asset to acquire and maintain. There are many upfront and ongoing costs which need to be taken into account when taking the plunge.

Initial Costs
The following are costs which you will incur when the purchase is frst made.


Expense

Frequency

AMOUNT

Annual amount

Deposit

Once off payment

INSERT
AMOUNT

The deposit needed to purchase a
home is 10% of the asking price.
However, if you borrow in excess
of 80% of the property value, you
will be required to pay mortgage
insurance.

Loan
Establishment
Fees

Once off payment 

INSERT
AMOUNT 

Some fnancial institutions will
charge an establishment fee to
cover the set up costs for your loan.
Consult your fnancial institution to
determine establishment fees.


Mortgage
Insurance

Once off payment


INSERT
AMOUNT

If your deposit is less than 20
percent of the value of the property,
the lender may require you to pay
mortgage insurance. Consult your
fnancial institution to determine
likely costs to insure your loan.
Connections
Once off payment

INSERT
AMOUNT

The cost of the connections for
all the utilities and services you
will need to have installed in
preparation for the tenatns who will
be occupying your property.
Stamp duty
Once off payment


INSERT
AMOUNT

Stamp duty costs will differ from
state to state and will depend on
the purchase price of the property.
Stamp duty for an investment
property is usually higher than
a principal home. Refer to the
following link to calculate costs:
Legals
Once off payment

INSERT
AMOUNT


This cost covers the legal
transfer of ownership. This is
usually conducted by a solicitor
or conveyancer. It may cost
approximately $600-$800.

Read More